1	INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN FOR COMPUTER BASED TECHNOLOGY Information Technology for Teaching and Learning
2	Introduction As computer based technology becomes more widely used in educational situations, the need for effective instructional design is increasingly important.
3	Course Design Theory There are three major learning theories that are used for instructional design. They are: Behavioural Theory Cognitive Theory Constructivist Theory
4	Behaviourist Learning Theory Focus on observable and measurable behaviours Learners are considered a blank slate Learning is seen as a response to specific stimuli Designer will create a plan that allows for observable outcomes Reinforcement for correct and appropriate behaviour Instructor will test student’s ability to present the information Students rewarded with good grades for providing the correct responses.
5	Cognitive Learning Theory Cognitive theorists believe that a significant amount of learning evolves through repetition.
6	Cognitive Learning Theory Some key concepts of Cognitive Theory are: Three-stage information processing model Meaningful Effects – information that is meaningful is easier to remember Practice Effects – information that is rehearsed is more easily retained. Transfer Effects – describes the effects of prior learning on new learning.
7	Cognitive Learning Theory To design from a cognitive approach the designer must create a plan that is focused on how the mind processes information.
8	Constructivist Learning Theory Learning is an active process in which learners’ construct new ideas or concepts based upon their current and past knowledge.
9	Constructivist Learning Theory Designer creates a plan that allows for facilitation rather than direction. Learner autonomy is valued.
10	Design Process Look beyond the boundaries of existing methods to incorporate the enhancements afforded by information technology.
11	Design Process Course Design Considerations Cycles of Development Effective Design
12	Design Process - Considerations Models Audience Analysis Learning Goals and Objectives
13	Design Process - Cycles of Design Instructional Design is the systematic approach to the following: Analysis Design Development Implementation Evaluation
14	Design Process - Effective Design General guidelines educators should follow when designing and delivering Have Clear Objectives Maintain as Much Flexibility as You Can Encourage Participation Maintain a Non-authoritarian Style Be Objective Don't Expect Too Much Don't Rely on Materials Promote Private / Group Conversations Find Unifying Threads Use Simple Assignments Make The Material Relevant Required Contributions Present Conflicting Opinions Invite Visiting Experts Don't Lecture Request Responses
15	Education Technology Educational Technology refers to the use of various forms of technology in Teaching and Learning.
16	Forms of Educational Technology Hardware: video conferencing telephone conferencing overhead projectors computer-based-training simulations systems and combinations thereof
17	Forms of Educational Technology Software online materials chat groups message boards email webcasts, etc.
18	Reasons for Change Keeping up with workplace change Change in student demographics Change in economic times
19	Impact of Change “Changes to the Canadian economy, government cuts, demands from parents and critics are all factors influencing education reform. Surveys indicate that Canadians expect the Information Highway to provide a solution.”
20	Make Technology Work for You “In the best classrooms, technology should support the curriculum, not determine it.” Annenberg/CPB
21	Pros / Cons of Technology Pros Cost effective Quicker time to market Potential to reach larger audience Flexibility of time and place
22	Pros / Cons Cons Improper Use of Technology Content is often not kept up-to-date Mistakes can be costly
23	Summary Effective Instructional Design theories still apply Education Strategy is Key!